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Hindi Research Article
Removal of Heavy Metals Pb, Zn and Cu from Sludge Waste of Paper Industries Using Biosurfactant
| Nurul Hidayati*, Tini Surtiningsih and Ni’matuzahroh | |
| Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Indonesia | |
| Corresponding Author : | Nurul Hidayati Biology Department Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University, Indonesia Tel: +62315914042 E-mail: ukhti.abel@gmail.com |
| Received August 25, 2014; Accepted October 17, 2014; Published October 20, 2014 | |
| Citation: Hidayati N, Surtiningsih T, Ni’matuzahroh (2014) Removal of Heavy Metals Pb, Zn and Cu from Sludge Waste of Paper Industries Using Biosurfactant. J Bioremed Biodeg 5:255. doi:10.4172/2155-6199.1000255 | |
| Copyright: © 2014 Hidayati N, et al. This is an open-a ccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | |
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Abstract
Increasing public awareness of environmental pollution influences the search and development of technologies that help in cleanup of organic and inorganic contaminants such as metals. Sludge waste of paper industries as toxic and hazardous material from specific source containing Pb, Zn, and Cu metal from waste soluble ink. An alternative and eco-friendly method of remediation technology is the use of biosurfactants and biosurfactant-producing microorganisms. Soil washing is among the methods available to remove heavy metal from sediments. The purpose of this research is to study effectiveness of biosurfactant with concentration=CMC for the removal of heavy metals, lead, zinc and copper in batch washing test under four different biosurfactant production by microbial origin; Pseudomonas putida T1(8), Bacillus subtilis 3K, Acinetobacter sp, and Actinobacillus sp was grown on mineral salt medium that had been already added with 2% concentration of molasses that it is a low cost application. The samples were kept in a shaker 120 rpm at room temperature for 3 days. Supernatants and sediments of sludge were separated by using a centifuge and samples from supernatants were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The highest removal of Pb was up to 14.04% by Acinetobacter sp. Biosurfactant of Pseudomonas putida T1(8) have the highest removal for Zn and Cu was up to 6.5% and 2.01% respectively. Biosurfactant have a role for removal process of the metals, including wetting, contact of biosurfactant to the surface of the sediments and detachment of the metals from the sediment. Biosurfactant has proven its ability as a washing agent in heavy metals removal from sediments, but more research is needed to optimize the process of removal heavy metals.
