Abstract

Rare earth elements (REEs) play a crucial role in various high-tech applications, including electronics, renewable energy, and defence industries. As global demand for REEs continues to rise, there is a growing emphasis on developing sustainable methods for their extraction and recovery. This article explores current extraction techniques, recycling strategies, environmental impacts, and future prospects in the field of REE recovery. Key topics include traditional mining methods, innovative recycling technologies, environmental considerations, and regulatory frameworks aimed at ensuring responsible sourcing and supply chain resilience.