Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and chronic neuroinflammation. While traditional research has focused on amyloid and tau pathologies, mounting evidence implicates the immune system in AD pathogenesis. This review examines recent advances in targeting immune pathways for AD, focusing on both innate and adaptive immunity, and discusses the potential of immunotherapeutic strategies for disease modification.