Abstract

Background: The discussion has continued concerning Calorie Restriction (CR) and Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) for years. Authors and colleagues have continued clinical research on LCD. In this study, CR diet was given to diabetic patients and the new evaluation way of insulinogenic index-carbohydrate 70 g (IGI-carbo70) would be proposed.
Subjects and methods: The subjects were 48 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and admitted for 14 days for further evaluation and treatment. CR diet was provided on day 1 and 2, including 60% carbohydrate, 25% lipids and 15% protein with 1400 kcal/day. On the morning of day 2, breakfast with 70 g of carbohydrate was given, and blood glucose and immune reactive insulin (IRI) at 0 and 30 min and IGI were investigated.
Results: Average HbA1c was 7.9% and Morbus (M) value was 108 in median. Glucose and IRI on 0-30 min significantly increased as 166-212 mg/dL, 4.3-1.9 μU/mL, respectively. Classified into 3 groups as to HbA1c level, low, middle and high group showed HbA1c 6.0%, 7.8%, 9.7%, respectively. Glucose and IRI on 0-30 min in median were 117-50, 166-203, 218-299 mg/dL, 4.4-12.8, 4.5-13.5, 4.2-9.9 μU/mL, with IGI 0.25, 0.14, 0.10, respectively.
Discussion and conclusion: Newly-proposed IGI-carbo70 was investigated, and there were several correlations among 8 related biomarkers. These findings suggest that current results would become the fundamental data and IGIcarbo70 could be the useful way to evaluate diabetic status by usual meal with mixed nutrients.

Keywords: (IGI-carbo70) Insulinogenic index-carbohydarate 70 g; (CR) Calorie restriction; (LCD) Low carbohydrate diet; (T2DM) Type 2 diabetes mellitus; (IRI) Immunoreactive insulin