Abstract

Understanding the thermodynamic interactions between bio-molecules and nanoparticles is crucial for designing efficient nanomaterials for various applications, including drug delivery, sensing, and catalysis. In this study, we employ isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to investigate the thermodynamic properties of interactions between bio-molecules and nanoparticles. By measuring heat changes associated with the binding process, ITC provides valuable insights into the energetics, stoichiometry, and affinity of biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions. We explore the influence of factors such as surface chemistry, particle size, and biomolecule structure on the thermodynamic behavior of the system. Our findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms governing bio-molecule nano-particle collaborations and offer guidance for optimizing nanomaterial design for biomedical and biotechnological applications.