Abstract

Globally, the livestock industry is very dynamic. It is changing in developing nations as a result of the quickly rising demand for animal products. While many production processes are becoming more efficient and environmentally sustainable, the market for cattle products is stagnating in affluent nations. The demand for livestock products has historically changed as a result of changes in human population, income, and urbanisation. The production response in various livestock systems has been correlated with advances in science and technology as well as increases in the number of animals. Competition for natural resources, notably land and water, competition between food and feed, and the requirement to function in a carbon-constrained economy will all have an increasing impact on productivity in the future. The potential for increased production, increased efficiency, and genetic advances will continue to be influenced by advancements in breeding, nutrition, and animal health. Regulations governing the environment, animal welfare, and carbon emissions are projected to have an increasing impact on livestock production. Future demand for livestock products may be significantly tempered by socioeconomic variables like concerns about human health and shifting sociocultural norms. Regarding how these forces will manifest themselves in various parts of the world during the ensuing decades, there is a great deal of ambiguity.