Abstract

Precision dosing in pediatrics is essential for optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects, given the unique pharmacokinetic profiles of pediatric patients. Recent advancements in pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation (PKM&S) have significantly improved the accuracy of dosing regimens for children by incorporating complex physiological data and advanced computational techniques. This review highlights key developments in PKM&S, including the integration of physiological-based pharmacokinetic models, the use of population pharmacokinetics, and the application of machine learning algorithms. These innovations enable more precise and individualized drug dosing, addressing the challenges associated with age-related variations in drug metabolism and efficacy. The article also identifies current limitations and future directions in the field, emphasizing the need for continued research and interdisciplinary collaboration to further enhance pediatric pharmacotherapy.