Abstract

The third most frequent cancer in women globally is cervical cancer, and ideas and knowledge about its treatment and prevention are quickly advancing. Cervical cancer has been linked heavily to the human papillomavirus (HPV), despite the fact that the virus alone cannot bring about the disease. Since most infections are temporary and may be naturally cured by the host immune system, HPV-driven malignancy is actually a low chance event. Years must pass after a persistent HPV infection before cervical cancer develops. The foundation of this clinical intervention is to understand the carcinogenic pattern and appropriate targets during HPV host contact, and this extended time frame thus presents a perfect opportunity. In this review, we cover the main causes of HPV and cervical carcinogenesis, as well as new concepts and technologies that are being developed for cancer interventions. More urgently, we cover how these concepts and technologies might lead to clinical precision medicine, which could offer patients early diagnosis, early prevention, and early treatment.