Abstract

Plant-pollinator interactions are fundamental to the functioning and stability of many ecosystems. These interactions not only drive the reproduction of a wide range of plant species but also support the biodiversity of ecosystems by facilitating plant diversity and enabling various trophic levels to thrive. This manuscript explores the role of plant-pollinator interactions in maintaining ecosystem stability, focusing on how these interactions contribute to ecosystem services such as food production, genetic diversity, and habitat creation. The decline in pollinator populations due to factors like habitat loss, climate change, pesticide use, and disease presents a significant threat to ecosystem stability and the sustainability of many ecosystem services. We review the mechanisms by which plant-pollinator interactions influence biodiversity, ecosystem resilience, and the flow of energy and nutrients within ecosystems. Furthermore, we examine how changes in these interactions can lead to cascading effects across food webs, disrupt plant communities, and reduce the provisioning of essential services. The study underscores the need for conservation strategies that protect pollinator populations and preserve plant-pollinator relationships to ensure ecosystem health and functionality.