Abstract

The global rise in chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers has prompted an urgent need for effective prevention strategies. Plant-based diets have emerged as a promising approach to mitigate the risk of these conditions due to their high content of essential nutrients, fiber, and bioactive compounds, coupled with a lower intake of saturated fats and processed foods. This review examines the evidence supporting the role of plantbased diets in chronic disease prevention. We explore the mechanisms through which plant-based diets exert their protective effects, including the modulation of inflammatory pathways, improvement in lipid profiles, enhancement of glycemic control, and promotion of a healthy gut microbiota. Additionally, we address the nutritional adequacy of plantbased diets and provide practical recommendations for their implementation. Through a comprehensive analysis of epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses, this paper aims to elucidate the potential of plant-based diets as a cornerstone in the prevention of chronic diseases, offering insights for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and individuals seeking to improve public health outcomes.