Abstract

Novel therapeutic delivery systems represent a transformative approach in drug delivery aimed at enhancing efficacy and reducing adverse effects. However, these systems introduce unique pharmacokinetic challenges that impact their clinical application. This review explores key challenges including complex biodistribution dynamics, variable absorption and bioavailability, controlled drug release kinetics, tissue-specific targeting, metabolism and clearance considerations, and safety profiles. Understanding and overcoming these challenges are crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes and advancing personalized medicine. Strategies for addressing these pharmacokinetic complexities will facilitate the clinical translation of novel therapeutic delivery systems into effective treatments for diverse diseases