Abstract

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genetic variations affect drug response, is integral to the advancement of personalized medicine. This approach aims to tailor medical treatments to individual genetic profiles, moving away from the traditional "one-size-fits-all" model. The incorporation of pharmacogenomics into biopharmaceutics—the science of drug formulation and delivery—promises significant improvements in drug development, optimization, and patient care. This article explores the role of pharmacogenomics in predicting drug response and adverse effects, the implications for targeted drug design and personalized dosage forms, and the challenges and future directions in integrating pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. Addressing ethical, regulatory, economic, and educational challenges is crucial for the successful implementation of pharmacogenomics in personalized medicine, ultimately enhancing therapeutic efficacy and safety.