Abstract

Pharmacogenetics is a rapidly evolving field that investigates how genetic variations influence individual responses to drugs. This intersection of genetics and pharmacology holds promise for personalized medicine by enabling tailored treatment strategies based on genetic profiles. Understanding genetic determinants of drug metabolism, efficacy, and safety can optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects. This article reviews the current understanding of pharmacogenetics, its implications for clinical practice, challenges in implementation, and future directions for advancing personalized medicine.