Abstract

Pharmacogenetic variability refers to the differences in drug responses among individuals due to genetic variations. These genetic differences can significantly influence drug metabolism, efficacy, and toxicity. This article reviews the impact of pharmacogenetic variability on drug responses, focusing on key areas such as cytochrome P450 enzymes, drug transporters, drug targets, and adverse drug reactions. By understanding how genetic variations affect drug interactions, clinicians can better tailor treatments to individual patients, enhancing therapeutic outcomes and minimizing adverse effects. The integration of pharmacogenetic information into clinical practice represents a critical advancement in personalized medicine, aiming for more effective and safer drug therapies