Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Research Article

Performance of Mesenchymal Cell-Scaffold Constructs in Human Oral Reconstructive Surgery: A Systematic Review

¹Department of Biotechnology and Medical Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy

²Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy

³Dentistry Unit of Head and Neck clinical Area, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy

⁴Department of Sense Organs, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy

*Corresponding Author:

Susanna Annibali
Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences
“Sapienza” University of Rome
6, Caserta St., 00161
Rome, Italy
Tel: +39 06 49976651;
Fax +39 06 44230811;
E-mail: susanna.annibali@uniroma1.it

Received date: April 07, 2016; Accepted date: April 29, 2016; Published date: May 06, 2016

Citation: Cristalli MP, Marini R, Pranno N, Patini R, La Monaca G, et al. (2016) Performance of Mesenchymal Cell-Scaffold Constructs in Human Oral Reconstructive Surgery: A Systematic Review. J Biotechnol Biomater 6:225.doi:10.4172/2155-952X.1000225

Copyright: © 2016 Cristalli MP, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Background: Different sources of cultured cells combined with different scaffolds (allogenic, xenogeneic, alloplastic or composite materials) have been tested extensively in vitro and in preclinical animal studies, but there have been only a few clinical trials involving humans.

Aim: This study reviewed all of the English language literature published between January 1990 and December 2015 to assess the histological performance of different mesenchymal cell-scaffold constructs used for bone regeneration in human oral reconstructive procedures.

Methods: An electronic search of the MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases complemented by manual searching was conducted to identify studies involving histological evaluation of mesenchymal cell-scaffold constructs in human oral surgical procedures. The methodological quality of randomized controlled clinical trials and controlled clinical trials was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. Heterogeneity was assessed using Review Manager software. Considering the heterogeneity, the data collected were reported by descriptive methods and a meta-analysis was applied only to the articles that reported the same outcome measures. The articles were classified and described based on the material scaffolds used.

Results: The search identified 1030 titles and 287 abstracts. Full-text analysis was performed for 32 articles, revealing 14 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three randomized controlled clinical trials were identified as potentially eligible for inclusion in a meta-analysis. The studies were grouped according to the scaffold materials used: bone allograft (three studies), polyglycolic-polylactic scaffold (four studies), collagen sponge (two studies), and bovine bone matrix (five studies). The stem cells used in these studies had been sourced from the iliac crest, periosteum, dental pulp and intraoral sites.

Conclusions: The very small amount of available data makes it impossible to draw any firm conclusions regarding the increase in bone formation in human oral reconstructive procedures when using graft materials engineered with autogenous stem cells.

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