Abstract

Paleogeography is the study of ancient landscapes and their evolution over geological time, providing critical insights into the Earth's historical climate, tectonics, and biogeography. By reconstructing past environments, paleogeographers utilize geological, paleontological, and geochemical evidence to map ancient landforms, sedimentary environments, and ecosystem dynamics. This paper explores the methodologies employed in paleogeographic reconstruction, including stratigraphic analysis, paleomagnetic studies, and the use of geographic information systems (GIS). The significance of paleogeography extends beyond academic inquiry; it plays a vital role in natural resource exploration, environmental reconstruction, and understanding biodiversity shifts throughout Earth's history. Furthermore, this study highlights key paleogeographic maps that illustrate significant geological events, such as continental drift, sea-level changes, and climatic fluctuations, underscoring their implications for present-day environmental challenges and future landscape management. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this research aims to enhance our understanding of ancient landscapes, informing contemporary ecological and geological applications.