Abstract

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies, primarily affecting postmenopausal women. The incidence of EC has risen over the past few decades, largely attributed to increasing rates of obesity, diabetes, and other lifestyle-related factors. This article provides an in-depth review of the pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities for EC, along with an exploration of its molecular mechanisms and prognostic factors. We also discuss the evolving landscape of personalized therapies and the role of genetic markers in improving outcomes. Through this review, we aim to enhance the understanding of EC's biological behavior and to highlight future directions for research and clinical management.