Abstract

Neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of brain disorders, providing insights into the structural and functional alterations associated with various neurological and psychiatric conditions. This review article explores the key imaging modalities used in the study of brain disorders, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We discuss how these techniques contribute to our understanding of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and major depressive disorder. Furthermore, we highlight the challenges and future directions in the field of neuroimaging research.