Abstract

Neonatal respiratory support is vital for the care of premature and critically ill newborns. This article provides an overview of current practices and emerging trends in this field. Traditional mechanical ventilation strategies aim to balance oxygenation and ventilation while minimizing lung injury, while non-invasive ventilation modalities offer alternatives to invasive ventilation with reduced complications. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation provides a specialized approach for refractory respiratory failure. Emerging trends include personalized ventilation strategies, novel surfactant therapies, and interdisciplinary collaboration for improved outcomes. Continued research and innovation are essential for advancing neonatal respiratory care and addressing the evolving needs of this vulnerable population.