Abstract

Clinical pharmacology in old age presents distinct challenges due to age-related physiological changes, polypharmacy, and pharmacodynamic sensitivity. This abstract provides a concise overview of the complexities involved in medication management for older adults. Physiological alterations, including decreased renal and hepatic function, impact drug pharmacokinetics, necessitating careful dosage adjustments. Polypharmacy increases the risk of drug interactions and adverse effects, highlighting the importance of medication review and optimization. Elderly patients may exhibit heightened sensitivity to certain drugs, requiring vigilant monitoring for adverse reactions. Cognitive impairment further complicates medication management, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions to enhance adherence. By integrating comprehensive geriatric assessment, medication review, patient education, and interdisciplinary collaboration, clinicians can optimize treatment outcomes and ensure the safety of medication use in older adults.