Abstract

Natural gas has become an integral component of the global energy landscape, recognized for its versatility, efficiency, and relatively lower environmental impact compared to other fossil fuels. This article provides a comprehensive overview of natural gas, exploring its properties, extraction methods, and diverse applications in electricity generation, residential use, and industrial processes. The economic significance of natural gas is highlighted, particularly in terms of job creation and its role in enhancing energy security. However, environmental concerns, particularly regarding methane emissions and the impacts of hydraulic fracturing, are critically examined. The article also discusses the evolving role of natural gas in the context of climate change and the transition to renewable energy sources. Innovations in technology and potential developments in carbon capture and storage are explored as pathways for integrating natural gas into a sustainable energy future. Ultimately, this overview underscores the dual challenge of leveraging natural gas for economic benefits while addressing its environmental implications.