Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative tool in vaccine development, offering novel approaches to enhance immunogenicity, stability, and delivery. This article explores the current landscape of nanotechnology in vaccine design, addressing key challenges and opportunities. We discuss the application of nanoparticles for antigen delivery, adjuvantation, and immune modulation, alongside the critical considerations in formulation and safety. Advances in nanovaccine development are poised to revolutionize infectious disease control and pave the way for personalized immunotherapies.