Abstract

Fossil fuel extraction, while essential for meeting global energy demands, poses significant environmental risks including air and water pollution, habitat destruction, and contributions to climate change. This abstract summarizes the key strategies for mitigating these risks, focusing on technological advancements, regulatory frameworks, and industry best practices. Recent innovations such as cleaner extraction technologies and enhanced monitoring systems offer promising solutions to reduce emissions and environmental damage. Regulatory measures, including stricter environmental standards and carbon pricing, are critical for enforcing reductions in pollution and promoting sustainable practices. Industry best practices, such as reduced land use and improved waste management, further mitigate environmental impacts. Additionally, transitioning to renewable energy sources and improving energy efficiency are long-term strategies essential for reducing dependence on fossil fuels. This review highlights the importance of a multifaceted approach in addressing the environmental challenges associated with fossil fuel extraction, aiming to achieve a balance between energy needs and environmental stewardship.