Abstract

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are essential tools in the conservation and management of marine ecosystems, designed to safeguard biodiversity, support sustainable fisheries, and enhance ecosystem resilience. This research article explores the role of MPAs in achieving these goals, highlighting various management strategies and their effectiveness. The article examines key aspects of MPA design, including zoning and size, and evaluates the importance of enforcement, community involvement, and scientific research in successful MPA management. Case studies from globally recognized MPAs, such as the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the Galápagos Marine Reserve, provide insights into best practices and lessons learned. Challenges such as financial constraints, climate change, and socio-economic impacts are also discussed, with recommendations for improving MPA effectiveness. By analyzing current strategies and emerging trends, this article offers a comprehensive overview of how MPAs can be optimized to address contemporary conservation challenges and ensure the sustainability of marine environments.