Abstract

Late relapse of germ cell tumors (GCTs) following prior chemotherapy or surgery-only treatment refers to the recurrence of GCTs after an initial period of remission. This phenomenon poses a challenge in the management and long-term follow-up of patients with GCTs. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors associated with late relapse in GCT patients who had previously received chemotherapy or surgery-only treatment. A comprehensive review of medical records was conducted to identify patients who experienced late relapse. The key findings of this study highlight the importance of long-term surveillance and close monitoring of GCT patients even after apparent remission. Additionally, the study identified several potential prognostic factors that may aid in the identification of patients at higher risk of late relapse, facilitating early detection and intervention.