Abstract

Invasive species represent a significant threat to marine environments, causing widespread ecological disruption, economic losses, and alterations in ecosystem functions. This review article explores the multifaceted challenges posed by marine invasive species, including their impact on native biodiversity, economic consequences for fisheries and tourism, and the alteration of essential ecosystem processes. Key factors contributing to the spread of invasive species, such as ballast water discharge and hull fouling, are examined. The article also evaluates current strategies for managing and mitigating these impacts, including prevention measures, early detection techniques, control and eradication methods, and restoration efforts. By analyzing case studies and emerging technologies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of effective solutions and highlights the importance of integrated approaches for addressing marine invasions. The findings underscore the need for continued research, international cooperation, and public engagement to protect marine ecosystems from the detrimental effects of invasive species.