Abstract

Neural implants, also known as brain implants, represent a revolutionary technology in the field of neuroscience and neuroengineering. These medical devices are surgically placed intracranially to interact with the brain’s neural circuits, enabling monitoring and modulation of neural activity. In this review article, we provide an overview of neural implants, including their development, applications, and current research trends. We discuss the underlying principles of neural interface technologies, such as electrode materials, signal processing algorithms, and biocompatibility considerations. Furthermore, we examine the clinical applications of neural implants, ranging from neuroprosthetics and brain-computer interfaces to neuromodulation therapies for neurological disorders. We also explore the challenges and ethical implications associated with neural implant technology, including privacy concerns, long-term safety, and societal acceptance. Finally, we discuss future directions and emerging trends in neural implant research, including miniaturization, wireless connectivity, and closed-loop systems. Overall, neural implants hold immense potential for advancing our understanding of the brain and treating neurological conditions, but continued interdisciplinary collaboration and ethical oversight are crucial for realizing their full benefits.