Abstract

Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are fundamental biomolecules that store and transfer genetic information. This article delves into the biochemistry of nucleic acids, elucidating their structural intricacies, functional dynamics, and potential therapeutic applications. It explores the molecular composition and three-dimensional configurations of nucleic acids, emphasizing the critical roles of nucleotides and hydrogen bonding. The article further discusses the pivotal processes of replication, transcription, and translation, highlighting recent advances in nucleic acid research. Finally, it examines the burgeoning field of nucleic acid-based therapies, including gene editing, RNA interference, and antisense oligonucleotides, underscoring their promise in treating genetic disorders and other diseases.