Abstract

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a phenomenon characterized by tissue damage that occurs when blood supply is restored following a period of ischemia. This review explores the multifaceted mechanisms underlying IRI, encompassing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, calcium overload, and inflammatory responses. The delicate balance between the essential reperfusion and the potential harm inflicted on tissues poses challenges in clinical scenarios such as organ transplantation, myocardial infarction, and surgical procedures. Various therapeutic approaches are being investigated, including preconditioning techniques, anti-oxidant therapies, anti-inflammatory agents, and pharmacological interventions. This abstract provides a concise overview of the complexities associated with IRI and underscores the on-going efforts to develop targeted interventions for mitigating tissue damage and improving patient outcomes