Abstract

Inhalation therapy is a fundamental approach in the treatment of various respiratory conditions, offering targeted delivery of medications directly to the lungs. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of inhalation therapy, focusing on its techniques, applications, and recent advancements. The primary techniques discussed include metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), dry powder inhalers (DPIs), nebulizers, and soft mist inhalers (SMIs), each with its own benefits and limitations. The applications of inhalation therapy span across chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis, where it plays a critical role in symptom management and disease control. Recent advancements in inhalation therapy are highlighted, including novel inhaler technologies, the development of biologics and targeted therapies, and the shift towards personalized medicine. Despite significant progress, challenges such as inhaler technique, patient adherence, and drug deposition variability remain. This review aims to provide a detailed understanding of the current state of inhalation therapy and its evolving landscape, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research and technological innovation in enhancing therapeutic outcomes.