Abstract

Infectious diseases have remained a persistent challenge to human health, with pathogens constantly evolving to breach the body's defenses. The immune system, our guardian against invading microorganisms, orchestrates complex responses to thwart these threats. However, the intricate interplay between pathogens and the immune system can sometimes lead to unintended consequences, resulting in immunopathology. This abstract explores the dynamic relationship between infectious diseases and immunopathology, shedding light on how the immune system, in its bid to protect, can inadvertently cause harm. We delve into hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, and cytokine storms as manifestations of immunopathology. A deeper comprehension of these phenomena is imperative for developing effective strategies to combat infectious diseases while minimizing collateral damage to the host. This article underscores the significance of ongoing research in this field to advance our understanding of infectious diseases and enhance global public health outcomes.