Abstract

Objective: Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests that there is a close link between hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and diabetic complications. Resveratrol a polyphenolic compound found in various natural food products.
Methods: Four groups male adult albino rats were used in this study: Negative control, Positive control, Therapeutic group and Standard group.
Results: The treatment of resveratrol significantly reduced the elevated levels of blood glucose, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-c, Urea and Creatinine in positive control as compared with negative control. Treatment of resveratrol also reverted back the decreased levels of insulin, HDL-c, Irisin, enzymatic antioxidant (catalase and superoxide dismutase) as well as decreased level of the non-enzymatic antioxidant (reduced glutathione) in tissue extracts from different organs of diabetic rats to near normal values. Resveratrol significantly increased expression of the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) gene in adipose tissue compared to positive control. It also regulated insulin mediated glucose uptake in adipose tissue through activation of Phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinases serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (PI3K/p-Akt) signaling pathway. PPAR-γ gene showed many different expressions for other side the PPAR-γ sequences from the adipose tissue confirm there is a mutation with the gene isolated from positive control against therapeutic group, meaning the Type 2 diabetes cause a mutation in the gene sequencing compared to negative control. Hence, we find the opposite with the PPAR-γ sequencing in therapeutic group.
Conclusion: These results clearly suggest that the resveratrol has an antioxidant effect and could improve adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and maintain glucose homeostasis in adipose tissue.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Resveratrol; Akt; PPAR-γ ; PI3K; Irisin; Metformin; STZ