ISSN: 2161-0681

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology
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  • Review Article   
  • J Clin Exp Pathol 2014, Vol 4(4): 178
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-0681.1000178

Improved Method for Estimating M-Spike Proteins in Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Zhang S, Wu XX, Ostrovsky I and Rand JH*
Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
*Corresponding Author : Rand JH, Director, Pathology Department, Hematology Laboratories, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA, Tel: 001-718-920-5991, Email: JRAND@montefiore.org

Received Date: Mar 25, 2014 / Accepted Date: Jun 24, 2014 / Published Date: Jun 26, 2014

Abstract

Context: Serum monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-spike) in multiple myeloma is measured by gel electrophoresis (SPE) followed by densitometric scanning of the gel. The current standard methods delimit the M-spike component based on the projected gel image on screen (current standard method, CSM). However, the M-spike could also be selected by delimiting the peak(s) in the scanned curve (densitometry based method, DBM).

Objective: The current study will correlate the results with these two approaches and to investigate which method may yield a result more close to the actual M-spike in the serum.

Designs: Forty-one consecutive SPE files from 2010-2011 with positive M-spike were analyzed simultaneously with methods CSM and DBM. Serum monoclonal IgG from a myeloma patient with essentially no background polyclonal immunoglobulins was purified using protein G sepharose column and quantified using UV spectrophotometry. The measured concentration of purified IgG using methods CSM and DBM was compared to true IgG levels in spiked samples.

Results: The measurements of 41 M-spikes using methods CSM and DBM correlated significantly (r=0.988, p<0.01). However, the measurement using method DBM was consistently higher than that using method CSM (49% ± 24%) In the measurement of purified monoclonal IgG, compared to method CSM, method DBM gave consistently closer results to the true IgG levels in spiked samples.

Conclusions: The current method (CSM) underestimates the amount of serum M-spike. The revised method (DSB) based on the densitometric peak more accurately reflects serum M-spike levels using SPE.

Keywords: Serum monoclonal immunoglobulin; Serum protein electrophoresis; M-spike proteins

Citation: Zhang S, Wu XX, Ostrovsky I, Rand JH (2014) Improved Method for Estimating M-Spike Proteins in Serum Protein Electrophoresis. J Clin Exp Pathol 4:178. Doi: 10.4172/2161-0681.1000178

Copyright: © 2014 Zhang S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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