Abstract

The relationship between ecology and toxicology has become a pressing concern in recent decades due to the escalating presence of environmental toxins. These substances, ranging from heavy metals to synthetic chemicals, pose a significant threat to the health and stability of ecosystems worldwide. This article presents a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the impacts of environmental toxins on ecosystem health, emphasizing the interplay between ecological processes and toxicological effects. Through an examination of case studies and research findings, we explore the far-reaching consequences of toxic pollutants on biodiversity, trophic interactions, and ecological dynamics. Additionally, the article delves into the mechanisms of toxicity, assessing the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of hazardous compounds in various food chains. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these toxicological findings for human health and sustainable environmental management strategies. Overall, this review underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary collaborations and proactive measures to address the intricate challenges posed by environmental toxins to global ecosystems.