Abstract

Depression is a general and treatable mood disorder. 18,000 children are born prematurely in the Nordic countries while 12.9 million worldwide this is mostly due to premature birth. Premature birth is linked to multiple births, vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, and polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios. It happens when maternal stress during pregnancy. Intrauterine infection causes the immune system to become activated, which can lead to preterm birth. There are two types of depression. First one is antepartum depression. The term "antepartum" refers to the period preceding childbirth. The second one is postpartum depression, which means depression after birth. The other types are maternal depression and paternal depression. Women are more at risk to depression during pregnancy, as well as in the weeks and months following childbirth. Changes in brain chemistry or hormones and genes can play major role in depression. Lack of social is also factor to enhance the depression. Domestic violence and abuse history are significant risk factors for depression and anxiety. It can be treated if these SOPs are followed like prenatal care, a doctor, psychologist, social worker, consultant, or therapist may be involved, counselling, such as CBT and IPT, and support groups are examples of treatment options. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment that involves sending an electric current through the brain. You should not begin or quit taking any medication on your own. It should stop domestic violence, and all other causes of pregnancy depression. Hence there is a big necessity of these instructions to stop the pregnancy complexities.

Keywords: Pregnancy depression, maternal and paternal stress,antepartum and postpartum depression, childbirth, domestic violence,social support, electroconvulsive therapy, pregnancy complexities