Abstract

Immune modulation has emerged as a transformative approach in the field of oncology, offering new avenues for both cancer prevention and management. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current insights into how immune modulation can be utilized to enhance cancer care. Immune modulation encompasses various strategies aimed at altering the immune system’s response to cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies. These approaches leverage the body’s own immune mechanisms to target and eradicate tumor cells. The review highlights the mechanisms through which immune modulation impacts cancer prevention, such as improving immune surveillance and reducing the risk of cancer development. It also examines the therapeutic potential of immune modulation in managing established cancers, discussing the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents in clinical trials and their effects on tumor progression and patient outcomes.