Abstract

Aim: The first studies of implant follow-up constituted the scientific basis of modern implantology. Early loading was identified as a critical factor and therefore, several waiting times were attempted until the establishment of a period of at least three months for the mandible and five to six months for the maxilla. Then Immediate loading (IL) was defined as "installation of a prosthetic element on the implant, without osseointegration having occurred".

Objective: To demonstrate, through a systematic review, the clinical success indexes of the immediate loading technique, to present the criteria of indication and the follow-up of the procedures. Methods: The main descriptors (Mesh Terms) used were immediate loading, early loading, late loading, implants, implantology, clinical trials. A total of 165 articles were found. A total of 60 articles were evaluated in full, and 46 were included and discussed in this study.

Conclusion: The analysis of the bibliography obtained showed that the success rates with the IL technique are compatible with those of the late load, as long as certain guidelines have been followed which were divided into: factors related to the patient, the surgical technique, the implant, the prosthesis and to aesthetics. The high success rate is a consequence of correct surgical and prosthetic planning, harmony between implant system, patient and dentist surgeon.

Keywords: Immediate loading; Early loading; Late loading; Implants; Implantology; Clinical trials