Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma is amongst the leading causes of cancer deaths globally, and its incidence is rising not only in Europe, but worldwide, despite the fact that it is preventable, due to the comprehensive understanding of risk factors and underlying liver disease contributing to carcinogenesis. In this paper we present the latest recommendations regarding prevention strategies and screening programs, diagnostic techniques, staging systems and the optimal treatment options for each evolutional stage, with a glimpse into the future directions of the systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, thermal ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, immune therapy