Abstract

Despite the fact that laryngoscopy is widely used to evaluate individuals with laryngeal/voice abnormalities, when it should be performed is still up for debate. The goal of this study was to ascertain how the length of time between the patient's initial primary care visit and their initial otolaryngology outpatient appointment affected their health care costs for laryngeal/voice issues. Confounding impact is a serious problem in clinical otolaryngology research since it might skew the findings. In this review, we define the term "confounding impact" and discuss how to test and manage it. Confounding effects can be minimised by data analysis and averted through research design. Clinicians would be aware of confounding effects in their studies and cautious about them. They would be able to set up a research design that uses the proper techniques to counteract this effect. To examine the variables involved in the transition from a peer-reviewed journal publication to an original scientific presentation at the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) Annual Meeting. To enable potential follow-up to compare initial perceptions of publication success with longer-term publication outcomes, a dataset of presenters was constructed.

About 1/8500 infants are affected by the Pierre-Robin Sequence (PRS), which is characterised by the triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. Infants with PRS frequently experience airway blockage due to glossoptosis, which causes pharyngeal obstruction. Any operation, such lingual frenulectomy, that makes glossoptosis worse may raise the chance of obstruction or worsen an already present obstruction. In this study, two examples of substantial airway decompensation following lingual frenulectomy in infants with PRS that required surgical intervention are covered. We advise against performing lingual frenulectomy on infants who have or are suspected of having PRS due to the potential increased risk of airway obstruction.