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Hindi Research Article
Frugivory in Bromelia Balansae (Bromeliaceae): The Effect of Seed Passage through the Digestive System of Potential Seed Dispersers on Germination in an Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil
Hipólito Ferreira Paulino-Neto*, Eduardo Nakano-Oliveira, Marcia Maria de Assis Jardim and João Vasconcellos-Neto
Professor of Biological Sciences and head researcher at the Laboratory of Ecology of pollination, Evolution and Conservation (LEPEC), University of the State of Minas Gerais (UEMG), Brazil
- *Corresponding Author:
- Paulino-Neto HF
Professor of Biological Sciences and head researcher at the Laboratory of Ecology of pollination
Evolution and Conservation (LEPEC)
University of the State of Minas Gerais (UEMG), Brazil
Tel: (035) 35296058
E-mail: hipolitopaulino@gmail.com
Received Date: December 22, 2016; Accepted Date: December 26, 2016; Published Date: December 30, 2016
Citation: Paulino-Neto HF, Nakano-Oliveira E, de Assis Jardim MM, Vasconcellos-Neto J (2016) Frugivory in Bromelia Balansae (Bromeliaceae): The Effect of Seed Passage through the Digestive System of Potential Seed Dispersers on Germination in an Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil. J Ecosys Ecograph 6: 224. doi:10.4172/2157-7625.1000224
Copyright: © 2016 Paulino-Neto HF, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Frugivory in Bromelia balansae (Bromeliaceae): the effect of seed passage through the digestive system of potential seed dispersers on germination in an Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil.
The Serra do Japi-SP Ecological Reserve is one of the last large areas of continuous forest in the interior of state São Paulo, and currently suffers great anthropic pressure due to the urbanization process in its surroundings. The dispersion of seeds by frugivorous mammals has great importance in the regeneration of altered areas and the composition of seed banks. In this work we identified some frugivores of B. balansae and tested the viability of seeds present in their feces. To identify the frugivores were installed "foot traps" near plants with mature fruits. Mammalian feces were collected and analyzed in order to find seeds of B. balansae. Three species of frugivores were identified: Cerdocyon thous, Nasua nasua and Didelphis sp. In captivity, mature fruits of B. balansae were offered to crab-eating foxes and coati to obtain seeds passed through the digestive tract of these animals. The seeds contained in the feces of these mammals were collected for germination experiments in the laboratory. As a control, seeds were extracted directly from mature fruits for germination tests. As main results, we verified that the seeds remained viable and intact after passing through the digestive tract of these two species. Seeds that passed through the digestive tract of N. nasua and C. thous germinated faster than seeds from fruits. Coati gut passage showed significantly higher germinability than both groups of seeds, without pulp and with pulp. But the germinability of seeds with pulp removal was significantly higher than seeds with pulp. However, seeds that were intact after crabeating foxes gut passage showed germination significantly higher than that seed with pulp, but showed no significant differences when compared to the seeds with removed pulp. Also, our data indicate that the coati gut passage has a higher positive effect on the seed germination of B. balansae than seed from foxes feces and mature fruits treatments. The plant architecture and leaf morphology of B. balansae restricts small size dispersers and favors the access of larger animals to the fruits, such as coatis and crab-eating foxes, ensuring the dispersion of seeds over long distances.
