Abstract

The development of biopharmaceutical formulations presents unique challenges that directly impact drug delivery efficiency and patient compliance. Biopharmaceuticals, which include proteins, monoclonal antibodies, and nucleic acids, often face stability issues, complex manufacturing processes, and the need for specialized delivery systems. This review explores innovative strategies to enhance the formulation and delivery of biopharmaceuticals, including the use of novel excipients, targeted delivery systems, and formulation technologies such as microencapsulation and nanoparticle systems. Moreover, we examine the importance of patient-centric design, emphasizing the role of userfriendly administration routes, dosage forms, and adherence strategies to improve patient compliance. By addressing these challenges, the biopharmaceutical industry can facilitate the successful transition of therapeutic candidates from bench to bedside, ultimately improving treatment outcomes and patient quality of life