Abstract

Forensic analytical chemistry plays a pivotal role in crime scene investigations and the analysis of evidence. It encompasses a wide array of techniques designed to identify and characterize substances found at crime scenes, including blood, hair, fibers, drugs, explosives, toxins, and poisons. The ability to analyze complex mixtures with high precision and accuracy allows forensic chemists to contribute valuable information that can link a suspect to a crime, confirm the presence of illicit substances, and even exonerate innocent individuals. This article explores the various forensic analytical techniques employed in criminal investigations, their applications, and the challenges faced by forensic scientists in maintaining the integrity and accuracy of their results. From traditional methods like chromatography to advanced technologies such as mass spectrometry, forensic chemistry continues to evolve, aiding in the pursuit of justice. The article also discusses the importance of proper evidence handling, legal considerations, and the future directions of forensic chemistry.