Abstract

Fertility preservation has become an essential aspect of reproductive medicine, especially for individuals facing medical treatments or life circumstances that could impair their reproductive capacity. This article provides an in-depth review of current techniques and advancements in fertility preservation, with a focus on the methods used for both males and females. The article explores the role of cryopreservation, ovarian tissue freezing, sperm banking, and emerging technologies such as artificial ovaries and in vitro gametogenesis. Challenges, ethical considerations, and future directions in fertility preservation are also discussed, offering a holistic understanding of the field’s progression and its clinical applications.