Abstract

Nanostructures have gained significant attention due to their unique optical and electrical properties, making them suitable for photovoltaic and sensor applications. This study presents the fabrication and characterization of various nanostructures, including quantum dots, nanowires, and thin films, using techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sol-gel processing. The structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties of the synthesized nanostructures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results indicate enhanced light absorption, charge carrier mobility, and sensitivity, making these nanostructures highly efficient for energy conversion and sensing applications. Our findings highlight the potential of engineered nanomaterials in improving the performance of photovoltaic cells and sensors, paving the way for next-generation energy and detection technologies.