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Exposure of Health Care Workers to Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Senegal: An Investigation of Two Imported Cases
Manga NM1,2*, Fortes-Deguenonvo L1, Dia-Badiane NM1, Diop-Nyafouna SA1, Ndow G1, Ndour CT1, Seydi M1, Faye O3 and Benzekri N41Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Fann Teaching Hospital, Senegal
2Unit of Training and Research on Health Sciences, Assane Seck University, BP: 523 Ziguinchor, Senegal
3Dakar Pasteur Institute, BP: 20 Dakar, Senegal
4Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- *Corresponding Author:
- Noël Magloire Manga
MD, Infectious Diseases specialist, Unit of Training and Research on Health Sciences
Assane Seck University, BP: 523 Ziguinchor, Senegal
Tel: +221-77-645-56-09
Fax: +221-33-991-68-09
E-mail: noel.manga@univ-zig.sn
Received date: November 12, 2016; Accepted date: December 19, 2016; Published date: December 22, 2016
Citation: Manga NM, Fortes-Deguenonvo L, Dia-Badiane NM, Diop-Nyafouna SA, Ndow G, et al. (2017) Exposure of Health Care Workers to Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Senegal: An Investigation of Two Imported Cases. J Infect Dis Ther 5:310. doi: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000310
Copyright: © 2016 Manga NM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Introduction: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal arbovirus with a high risk for nosocomial transmission. The goals of this study were to describe two cases of imported CCHF in Senegal and to evaluate health care worker exposure during the hospitalization of these two cases.
Methodology: Exposed health care workers were identified, administered a questionnaire, and kept were under clinical surveillance for 9 days. The level of risk associated with exposure was determined using the French National Institute of Health Surveillance (InVS) classification system.
Results: Two cases of CCHF transferred to Senegal from Mauritania, were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Service at Fann Teaching Hospital. The first case was admitted with diffuse hemorrhage and coma; the second case was admitted with febrile gastroenteritis. Both cases were fatal. The length of hospitalization was 06 hours and 07 days respectively. A total of 60 health care workers were exposed, including 11 doctors, 13 medical students, 14 nurses, 11 support staff, 09 nursing students, and 2 administrative staff. The majority of health care workers had a high-risk exposure (n=43, 65.2%). Moderate-risk exposure occurred among 21.2% (n=14) and low-risk exposure occurred among 13.6% (n=9). The high- risk was particularly prevalent among physicians (91,7%), support staff (91.7%) and nurses (66.7%). None of the contacts had clinical signs of CCHF during the monitoring period and none received prophylaxis with ribavirin. There were no known cases of nosocomial transmission.
Conclusion: Despite high-risk exposure among the majority of health workers, no secondary cases were identified. Important strategies were identified to decrease the risk of nosocomial transmission for future cases of viral hemorrhagic fever in our hospital.
