Abstract

varian cancer is a significant health concern, characterized by the uncontrolled growth of ovarian cells, leading to tumor formation. It represents the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. This malignancy is often diagnosed at advanced stages due to vague symptoms and a lack of effective screening methods, resulting in a poor prognosis for many patients. The primary histological types include epithelial, germ cell, and stromal tumors, with epithelial ovarian cancer being the most prevalent. Risk factors include genetic predisposition (notably BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations), age, family history, and reproductive factors. Current treatment strategies typically involve a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, with targeted therapies emerging as promising options.