Abstract

Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) is a powerful analytical technique that has become a cornerstone in the field of molecular characterization due to its exceptional sensitivity, specificity, and versatility. By combining multiple stages of mass spectrometry, MS/MS allows for the detailed analysis of complex samples, providing invaluable insights into the structure, composition, and dynamics of molecules. This article explores the principles, applications, and advancements of MS/MS, highlighting its pivotal role in various fields such as proteomics, metabolomics, pharmaceutical research, and environmental analysis. We discuss the working principles of MS/MS, including fragmentation processes and data interpretation, and examine the broad range of applications that benefit from its high-resolution capabilities. The article further explores the challenges and future directions in MS/MS technology, particularly in the context of advancing sensitivity, throughput, and resolution for next-generation molecular analysis.