Abstract

The cellular structure serves as the fundamental unit of life, exhibiting remarkable complexity and organization. This review aims to delve into the intricate architecture of cells, elucidating their diverse components and functions. Beginning with an overview of cell theory and historical milestones, we navigate through the various organelles and subcellular structures that orchestrate cellular processes. Emphasis is placed on the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. Furthermore, recent advancements in imaging techniques have revolutionized our understanding of cellular dynamics and organization. Insights from this review not only deepen our appreciation of cellular complexity but also underscore the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in unraveling the mysteries of life at the cellular level.