Abstract

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a multifaceted mental health condition characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) aimed at reducing distress. This paper offers a comprehensive examination of OCD, delving into its intricate nature and the challenges faced by those affected. We review the latest research on the etiology of OCD, including genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors that contribute to its development. The paper also explores the diverse manifestations of OCD, highlighting the variability in symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. Additionally, we discuss current diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), pharmacotherapy, and emerging interventions. By synthesizing insights from clinical research and case studies, this study aims to provide a deeper understanding of OCD and inform strategies for improving diagnosis, treatment, and support for individuals living with this complex disorder.