Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, often necessitating surgical intervention as a cornerstone of treatment. This paper evaluates the various surgical interventions available for pancreatic cancer, exploring the continuum from curative resections to palliative solutions. We discuss the criteria for curative procedures, such as the Whipple procedure and distal pancreatectomy, highlighting the importance of careful patient selection and preoperative evaluation to optimize surgical outcomes. As many patients present with advanced disease, the role of palliative surgical interventions becomes crucial. Procedures like biliary bypass and endoscopic stenting are examined for their effectiveness in alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life in those with unresectable tumors. This review emphasizes the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in surgical decision-making, involving surgical oncologists, medical oncologists, radiologists, and palliative care specialists to ensure comprehensive management tailored to individual patient needs. Furthermore, we address the psychosocial implications of surgical decisions on patients and their families, advocating for early integration of palliative care to support emotional well-being throughout the treatment journey. By evaluating the full spectrum of surgical options, this paper aims to provide insights into enhancing patient outcomes and guiding future research efforts in the evolving landscape of pancreatic cancer management.